COMMON AILMENTS A-Z

COMMON COLD

   Site and the Virus

Common cold is a respiratory disorder, caused by viral infection

This infection affects the upper respiratory passages (the nose and upper throat).

Cold is very infectious for other people around you.

It is an air-borne droplet infection passed on from one infected individual to another.

The infection causes a degree of discomfort.

The symptoms include heaviness of the head,

sore throat.

Cough.

Running nose and

Some fever.

If untreated, cold could lead to acute respiratory infections of the lungs. A serious condition

SELF CARE

* Keep away from people with cold.

* Keep yourself isolated from other people if you have a cold.

* If already infected, decongestant drops (for nose) and oral decongestants can help.(dual cold. suden. rinostat.)

* Drinking warm fluids and plenty of water also helps in decongestion

* Steam inhalation helps to relieve the cold and the dry the cough.

The cold should clear in seven days.

If it doesn't then a physician should be consulted.

If the fever coupled with the cold is above 103 or

Accompanied by pain in the head

Abdomen,

Chest or

Ear, or

If the lymph nodes are enlarged; a physician should be consulted immediately.

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AILMENTS A-Z

CATARACT

Cataract occurs in the aged. 

There is a decrease in clearness of the lens in the eye, a cloudy area develops in the lens.

It usually occurs in people over the age of sixty five years.

It causes blurring and eventual loss of vision.

The person with cataract complains of

* Fuzzy vision

* Poor night vision

* An opaque film that interferes with vision

* A Glare from bright lights

* Need for bright light for reading

Risk Factors

Diabetes

Previous eye injury

Excess use of alcohol

Excess sunlight exposure

Radiation exposure

Smoking

Treatment

 The opaque lens can be removed by surgery  

 Artificial lens Implanted to restore vision.

Self care

There is evidence that occurrence of cataract can be prevented or

delayed by

* Stopping smoking (the risk is higher among smokers

* Consuming vitamin C and E orally, and

* Protecting the eyes from ultraviolet light by use of UV dark

  glasses during daytime.

Treat cataract early with surgery, by extracting the lens in

the eye and replacing it with an artificial lens.

This restores vision completely.

In some cases use of spectacles is enough to improve vision.

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COMMON AILMENTS A-Z

BRUISE

In cases of injury or accidents, the injured part will have a red area around the injury.

This is the blood collected under the skin.

There will be a change in color of collected blood over time as healing takes place

No treatment is required, the part can be washed and kept clean

BURNS

If the clothes or hair catch fire, pour water on the victim if it

water is not available, no other fluid to be used.

A coat, rug, blanket, or any other heavy material can be used to cover the person to smother the flames, to prevent the fire from coming into contact with air

.

In minor first degree) burns, where the skin becomes red but

remains unbroken, there is no danger of infection.

However, the burns must be covered with sterile gauze to prevent  infection.

Second and third degree burns are much more serious, as skin layer is lost, and infection can set in through open wounds.

These burns victims need to be in a hospital.

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COMMON AILMENTS A-Z

BREAST LUMP RISK FACTORS

Certain women are more prone to cancer. 

The risk factors are:

* Those female with early start of menstruation

* Those having alate menopause

* Previous history of breast cancer in the other breast

* History of cancer in family(Mother sister) 

* Not having given birth to children.

The cancer first occurs as a painless lump, and then the lump

becomes fixed to surrounding tissue.

It may also be irregular in outline, and feel hard to touch.

Mammography and/or biopsy tests are performed to confirm the presence of cancer.

Self Care

Early detection of the lump can ensure a better possibility of

cure shown above.

Women over the age of thirty should regularly self-examine

their breasts, checking for lumps.

If the lump is diagnosed as cancerous, treatment is by radiation therapy and chemotherapy, (in advanced cancers)  

Surgery in early cancers.

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