SMALL INTESTINE Chemical splitter and soak-up chamber
The food mixed with juices enters the small intestine (jejunum) from the duodenum. The jejunum and ileum are about 20 feet long. The process of breaking down of carbohydrates, fats and proteins continues and can take up to six to seven hours.
The end products of this process are glucose, fats in small droplets (Chylomicrons) and amino acids. These units can now be absorbed. The absorption is helped by the millions of small finger like process on the mucosa of the small intestines.
These nutrients absorbed now reach the liver through the blood stream. By the time the digested food reaches the end of the ileum only 500cc of the 10 liters of food and juices is left. The rest has been absorbed. This 500 cc contains the unabsorbed indigestible cellulose and fiber.
LARGE INTESTINES Soak-up and waste chamber
A large part of the food taken in is not absorbable and consists of fiber (cellulose). The water and other chemicals in the large intestines are reabsorbed for use in the body. The contents stay in the colon for nearly 10 hours. The rest of the waste (unabsorbed fiber and bacteria) passes onto and are the rectum to pass out as solid feces.
The foods rich in fiber prevent constipation and these foods are fresh vegetables, fruits, whole grain, bread, etc.
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